![]() Blood pressure rises in the lungs' arteries (pulmonary hypertension). Irregular blood flow causes the blood vessels in the lungs to become stiff and narrow. An unrepaired hole in the heart can lead to this complication after many years. Without treatment, heart failure can develop. In a heart with a medium or large VSD, the heart works harder and the lungs have too much blood pumped to them. Treatment can help prevent many complications.Ĭomplications of ventricular septal defect can include: Some medium or large VSDs may be life-threatening. ComplicationsĪ small ventricular septal defect (VSD) may never cause any problems. If you already have a child with a congenital heart defect, a genetic counselor can discuss the risk of your next child having one. Family history of heart problems present at birth (congenital heart defects)Ī baby born with ventricular septal defect may have other heart problems, such as:.Down syndrome and other genetic conditions.Risk factors for ventricular septal defect include: A large VSD can also increase the amount of blood flow in the lung arteries, causing congestion. The heart then must work harder to pump blood. If the ventricular septal defect is large, the blood pressure in the lung arteries may increase. Oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-poor blood now mix together. The hole lets oxygen-rich blood go back into the lungs, instead of going out to the body. The left side of the heart pumps the oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body.Ī ventricular septal defect changes the direction of blood flow in the heart and lungs.The lungs pump the oxygen-rich blood to the heart's left side.The right side of the heart moves blood to the lungs.The typical heart is made of four chambers - two upper chambers (atria) and two lower chambers (ventricles). The heart valves, which keep blood flowing in the right direction, are gates at the chamber openings. The lower chambers, the more muscular right and left ventricles, pump blood out of the heart. ![]() The upper chambers, the right and left atria, receive incoming blood.
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